Twists (Spinal Twists) Defined

Rotating the spine, releasing tension, restoring equilibrium

Twists are yoga poses that rotate the spine around its central axis—the vertebral column turning as the shoulders and hips face different directions. This rotation wrings out tension, maintains spinal mobility, and stimulates the organs of the torso.

Common Twisting Poses

Twists appear in seated, supine, and standing variations. Here's a sampling:

Seated Spinal Twist

Ardha Matsyendrasana Beginner-Intermediate

The classic seated twist—one leg bent, opposite arm leveraging against the knee to deepen the rotation.

Supine Twist

Supta Matsyendrasana Beginner

Lying on your back with knees dropping to one side. Gentle, restorative, accessible to almost everyone.

Revolved Triangle

Parivrtta Trikonasana Intermediate

A standing twist adding rotation to the triangle pose. Challenging balance and deep spinal rotation.

Revolved Chair

Parivrtta Utkatasana Intermediate

Chair pose with a twist—hands at heart, elbow hooking outside the knee. Common in vinyasa flows.

Revolved Side Angle

Parivrtta Parsvakonasana Intermediate

A deep standing twist with one hand to the floor or block, the other reaching skyward.

Bharadvaja's Twist

Bharadvajasana Beginner

A gentle seated twist with legs to one side. Named after the sage Bharadvaja. Accessible and therapeutic.

Revolved Head-to-Knee

Parivrtta Janu Sirsasana Intermediate

A side bend that becomes a twist—reaching over the extended leg while rotating the torso open.

Marichyasana C

Marichyasana III Intermediate-Advanced

A deep seated twist with a binding option—arm wraps around the bent knee. Part of the Ashtanga primary series.

Benefits of Twisting

Regular twist practice offers benefits throughout the body:

Spinal Mobility

Maintains and improves the spine's rotational range of motion—essential for daily activities from driving to reaching

Spinal Disc Health

Gentle rotation helps distribute nutrients to the intervertebral discs, which don't have direct blood supply

Digestive Support

The compression and release of twisting massages the abdominal organs, potentially aiding digestion and elimination

Tension Release

The muscles along the spine often hold chronic tension; twisting helps release these patterns

Balancing Effect

Twisting to both sides creates symmetry and can help identify and address imbalances in the body

Nervous System Soothing

Supine twists in particular have a calming effect—often used at the end of practice before Savasana

The Wringing Out Metaphor

Teachers often describe twists as "wringing out" the spine and organs—like wringing water from a cloth. While the anatomy is more complex, the metaphor captures something real: the compression of a twist temporarily reduces blood flow to the organs; the release floods them with fresh circulation. This compress-and-release cycle may support detoxification and organ health.

Principles of Safe Twisting

Twists can strain the spine if practiced carelessly. These principles will keep you safe:

Key Alignment Principles

  1. Lengthen before you twist—create space in the spine through an inhale before rotating on the exhale
  2. Initiate from the thoracic spine—the mid-back is designed to rotate; the lower back is not. Start the twist from the ribcage
  3. Keep the pelvis stable—especially in seated twists, maintain a level pelvis and even sitting bones
  4. Don't force with the arms—use arm leverage to maintain, not deepen, the twist. The rotation should come from the torso muscles
  5. Breathe continuously—never hold the breath. Use exhales to gently deepen, inhales to create length
  6. Practice both sides equally—twists highlight asymmetries; address them with balanced practice

Open vs. Closed Twists

Twists fall into two categories based on the relationship between the twist direction and the legs:

Open Twists

Rotating away from the front leg or bent knee—creates more space in the torso and is generally more accessible. Example: Seated Spinal Twist with rotation away from the bent knee.

Closed Twists

Rotating toward the front leg or bent knee—more compact and often more intense on the spine and organs. Example: Revolved Triangle, Marichyasana C.

If you're new to twisting or have digestive sensitivity, start with open twists. Closed twists can come later as your practice develops.

Cautions and Contraindications

Some conditions require care with twists:

When to Modify or Avoid

  • Disc injuries: Twisting can aggravate herniated or bulging discs—work with a knowledgeable teacher
  • SI joint issues: Keep the pelvis stable; avoid deep twists that destabilize the sacroiliac joint
  • Pregnancy: Avoid deep closed twists that compress the abdomen; open twists may be appropriate with modification
  • Recent abdominal surgery: The compression of twisting can stress healing tissue
  • Inflammatory bowel conditions: Deep twisting may be uncomfortable during flares; practice gently
  • Osteoporosis: Spinal rotation combined with flexion increases fracture risk; keep the spine neutral or extended while twisting

Twists in Your Practice

Twists can appear at various points in a yoga sequence:

Sequencing Considerations

  1. After warm-up: Gentle twists can follow initial sun salutations to continue warming the spine
  2. After backbends: Twists help neutralize the spine after extension work
  3. Before Savasana: Supine twists are classic closing poses—calming and integrating before final rest
  4. For digestion: Some traditions recommend twisting right side first (compressing the ascending colon), then left
  5. Always both sides: Even if one side feels "tighter," practice both equally for balance

Whether you're drawn to the vigorous standing twists of vinyasa or the long-held supine twists of restorative practice, rotation is essential for a complete yoga practice. The spine is designed to move in all directions—twists ensure you're using its full capacity.

Find Yoga Classes with Twisting Poses

Ready to explore spinal twists? Find studios offering yoga classes near you.

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